diff --git a/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommandTest.java b/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommandTest.java
index 12ec2aae5..05af175cf 100644
--- a/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommandTest.java
+++ b/org.eclipse.jgit.test/tst/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommandTest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Constants;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Ref;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.RefUpdate;
+import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.StoredConfig;
+import org.eclipse.jgit.util.SystemReader;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 public class LsRemoteCommandTest extends RepositoryTestCase {
@@ -106,6 +108,20 @@ public void testLsRemoteWithoutLocalRepository() throws Exception {
 		assertEquals(2, refs.size());
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	public void testLsRemoteWithoutLocalRepositoryUrlInsteadOf()
+			throws Exception {
+		String uri = fileUri();
+		StoredConfig userConfig = SystemReader.getInstance().getUserConfig();
+		userConfig.load();
+		userConfig.setString("url", uri, "insteadOf", "file:///foo");
+		userConfig.save();
+		Collection<Ref> refs = Git.lsRemoteRepository().setRemote("file:///foo")
+				.setHeads(true).call();
+		assertNotNull(refs);
+		assertEquals(2, refs.size());
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	public void testLsRemoteWithSymRefs() throws Exception {
 		File directory = createTempDirectory("testRepository");
diff --git a/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommand.java b/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommand.java
index 0c691062f..c3415581e 100644
--- a/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommand.java
+++ b/org.eclipse.jgit/src/org/eclipse/jgit/api/LsRemoteCommand.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2011, 2020 Christoph Brill <egore911@egore911.de> and others
+ * Copyright (C) 2011, 2022 Christoph Brill <egore911@egore911.de> and others
  *
  * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
  * terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v. 1.0 which is available at
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
  */
 package org.eclipse.jgit.api;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -20,8 +21,8 @@
 import org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.GitAPIException;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.InvalidRemoteException;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.JGitInternalException;
+import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.ConfigInvalidException;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.NotSupportedException;
-import org.eclipse.jgit.errors.TransportException;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.internal.JGitText;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Constants;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.Ref;
@@ -30,6 +31,8 @@
 import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.RefSpec;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.Transport;
 import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.URIish;
+import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.UrlConfig;
+import org.eclipse.jgit.util.SystemReader;
 
 /**
  * The ls-remote command
@@ -153,7 +156,7 @@ private Map<String, Ref> execute() throws GitAPIException,
 
 		try (Transport transport = repo != null
 				? Transport.open(repo, remote)
-				: Transport.open(new URIish(remote))) {
+				: Transport.open(new URIish(translate(remote)))) {
 			transport.setOptionUploadPack(uploadPack);
 			configure(transport);
 			Collection<RefSpec> refSpecs = new ArrayList<>(1);
@@ -185,11 +188,16 @@ private Map<String, Ref> execute() throws GitAPIException,
 			throw new JGitInternalException(
 					JGitText.get().exceptionCaughtDuringExecutionOfLsRemoteCommand,
 					e);
-		} catch (TransportException e) {
+		} catch (IOException | ConfigInvalidException e) {
 			throw new org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.TransportException(
-					e.getMessage(),
-					e);
+					e.getMessage(), e);
 		}
 	}
 
+	private String translate(String uri)
+			throws IOException, ConfigInvalidException {
+		UrlConfig urls = new UrlConfig(
+				SystemReader.getInstance().getUserConfig());
+		return urls.replace(uri);
+	}
 }