turbonss/src/user.zig

const std = @import("std");

const Allocator = std.mem.Allocator;
const cast = std.math.cast;

pub const PackedUserSize = @divExact(@bitSizeOf(PackedUser), 8);
pub const PackedUser = packed struct {
    uid: u32,
    gid: u32,
    additional_gids_offset: u29,
    shell_here: bool,
    shell_len_or_idx: u6,
    home_len: u6,
    name_is_a_suffix: bool,
    name_len: u5,
    gecos_len: u8,
};

pub const User = struct {
    uid: u32,
    gid: u32,
    name: []const u8,
    gecos: []const u8,
    home: []const u8,
    shell: []const u8,
};

// UserWriter accepts a naive User struct and returns a PackedUser
pub const UserWriter = struct {

    // shellIndexFnType is a signature for a function that accepts a shell
    // string and returns it's index in the global shell section. Passing a
    // function makes tests easier, and removes the Shell dependency of this
    // module.
    const shellIndexFnType = fn ([]const u8) ?u6;
    allocator: Allocator,
    shellIndexFn: shellIndexFnType,

    pub fn init(allocator: Allocator, shellIndexFn: shellIndexFnType) UserWriter {
        return UserWriter{
            .allocator = allocator,
            .shellIndexFn = shellIndexFn,
        };
    }

    const fromUserErr = std.mem.Allocator.Error || error{InvalidRecord};

    pub fn fromUser(self: *UserWriter, user: User) fromUserErr![]const u8 {
        const home_len = std.math.cast(u6, user.home.len - 1) catch return error.InvalidRecord;
        const name_len = cast(u5, user.name.len - 1) catch return error.InvalidRecord;
        const shell_len = cast(u6, user.shell.len - 1) catch return error.InvalidRecord;
        const gecos_len = cast(u8, user.gecos.len) catch return error.InvalidRecord;
        var bindata_len: u32 = home_len;

        var puser = PackedUser{
            .uid = @as(u32, user.uid),
            .gid = @as(u32, user.gid),
            .additional_gids_offset = std.math.maxInt(u29), // needs second pass
            .shell_here = undefined,
            .shell_len_or_idx = undefined,
            .home_len = home_len,
            .name_is_a_suffix = undefined,
            .name_len = name_len,
            .gecos_len = gecos_len,
        };

        if (std.mem.endsWith(u8, user.home, user.name)) {
            puser.name_is_a_suffix = true;
        } else {
            puser.name_is_a_suffix = false;
            bindata_len += name_len;
        }

        bindata_len += gecos_len;

        if (self.shellIndexFn(user.shell)) |idx| {
            puser.shell_here = false;
            puser.shell_len_or_idx = idx;
        } else {
            puser.shell_here = true;
            puser.shell_len_or_idx = shell_len;
            bindata_len += shell_len;
        }

        var result = try self.allocator.alloc(u8, PackedUserSize + bindata_len);

        const userPointer = @ptrCast([*]const u8, &puser);
        {
            var i: u32 = 0;
            while (i < PackedUserSize) {
                result[i] = userPointer[i];
                i += 1;
            }
        }
        std.mem.copy(u8, result, user.home);
        if (!puser.name_is_a_suffix) {
            std.mem.copy(u8, result, user.name);
        }
        std.mem.copy(u8, result, user.gecos);
        if (puser.shell_here) {
            std.mem.copy(u8, result, user.shell);
        }

        return result;
    }
};

const testing = std.testing;

test "PackedUser is byte-aligned" {
    try testing.expectEqual(0, @rem(@bitSizeOf(PackedUser), 8));
}

fn testShellIndex(shell: []const u8) ?u6 {
    if (std.mem.eql(u8, shell, "/bin/bash")) {
        return 0;
    } else if (std.mem.eql(u8, shell, "/bin/zsh")) {
        return 1;
    }
    return null;
}

test "construct PackedUser blob" {
    var writer = UserWriter.init(testing.allocator, testShellIndex);
    const user1 = User{
        .uid = 1000,
        .gid = 1000,
        .name = "vidmantas",
        .gecos = "Vidmantas Kaminskas",
        .home = "/home/vidmantas",
        .shell = "/bin/bash",
    };
    const user2 = User{
        .uid = 1001,
        .gid = 1001,
        .name = "svc-foo",
        .gecos = "Service Account",
        .home = "/home/service1",
        .shell = "/usr/bin/nologin",
    };
    const puser1 = try writer.fromUser(user1);
    const puser2 = try writer.fromUser(user2);
    defer testing.allocator.free(puser1);
    defer testing.allocator.free(puser2);
}