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Motiejus Jakštys 2021-05-24 00:11:58 +03:00
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@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Converts a Docker image (a bunch of layers) to a flattened "rootfs" tarball.
Why?
----
Docker images seems to be the lingua franca of distributing application
containers. These are very wide-spread. However, is Docker the best runtime
environment? Not for everyone.
Docker images became a popular way to distribute applications with their
dependencies. However, Docker itself is not the best runtime environment. At
least not for everyone.
Undocker bridges the gap between application images (in docker image format)
and container runtimes: now you can run a Docker image with systemd-nspawn
and/or lxc, without doing the `docker pull; docker start; docker export` dance.
and container runtimes: now you can run a Docker image with old-fashioned
tools: lxc, systemd-nspawn or systemd itself.
Usage -- extract docker image
-----------------------------
@ -20,55 +20,49 @@ Usage -- extract docker image
Download `nginx` docker image from docker hub and convert it to a rootfs:
```
skopeo copy docker://docker.io/nginx:latest docker-archive:nginx.tar
undocker rootfs nginx.tar - | tar -xv
skopeo copy docker://docker.io/busybox:latest docker-archive:busybox.tar
undocker rootfs busybox.tar - | tar -xv
```
(the same can be done with `docker pull` and `docker save`)
Almost the same can be done with a combination of `docker pull` and `docker
save`.
Usage -- systemd-nspawn example
-------------------------------
Once the image is converted to a root file-system, it can be started using
classic utilities which expect a rootfs:
Start with systemd-nspawn:
```
systemd-nspawn -D $PWD nginx -g 'daemon off;'
systemd-nspawn -D $PWD busybox httpd -vfp 8080
```
Usage -- lxc example
--------------------
Preparing the image for use with lxc:
Usage -- plain old systemd
--------------------------
```
undocker rootfs nginx.tar - | xz -T0 > nginx.tar.xz
undocker lxcconfig nginx.tar config
tar -cJf meta.tar.xz config
systemd-run \
--wait --pty --collect --service-type=exec \
-p PrivateUsers=true \
-p DynamicUser=yes \
-p ProtectProc=invisible \
-p RootDirectory=$PWD \
-- busybox httpd -vfp 8080
```
Import it to lxc and run it:
Good things like `PrivateUsers`, `DynamicUser`, `ProtectProc` and other
[systemd protections][1] are available, just like to any systemd unit.
```
lxc-create -n bb -t local -- -m meta.tar.xz -f nginx.tar.xz
lxc-start -F -n bb -s lxc.net.0.type=none
lxc-start -F -n bb -s lxc.net.0.type=none -- /docker-entrypoint.sh nginx -g "daemon off;"
```
Notes & gotchas
---------------
Note: automatic entrypoint does not work well with parameters with spaces; not
sure what lxc expects here to make it work.
About the implementation
------------------------
Extracting docker image layers may be harder than you have thought. See
`rootfs/doc.go` for more details.
The rootfs code is dependency-free (it uses Go's stdlib alone). The existing
project dependencies are convenience-only.
`unocker` does not magically enable you to run containers from the internet. In
fact, many will need significant tuning or not work at all. Thus you will still
need to understand what are you running.
Contributions
-------------
I will accept pull request for code (including tests) and documentation. I am
unlikely to react to bug reports without a patch.
unlikely to react to issue reports without a patch.
[1]: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html