compiler: Allow configuring UBSan mode at the module level.

* Accept -fsanitize-c=trap|full in addition to the existing form.
* Accept -f(no-)sanitize-trap=undefined in zig cc.
* Change type of std.Build.Module.sanitize_c to std.zig.SanitizeC.
* Add some missing Compilation.Config fields to the cache.

Closes #23216.

tools/update_clang_options.zig

@@ -288,6 +288,14 @@ const known_options = [_]KnownOpt{
         .name = "fno-sanitize",
         .ident = "no_sanitize",
     },
+    .{
+        .name = "fsanitize-trap",
+        .ident = "sanitize_trap",
+    },
+    .{
+        .name = "fno-sanitize-trap",
+        .ident = "no_sanitize_trap",
+    },
     .{
         .name = "T",
         .ident = "linker_script",