Sema: rewrite semantic analysis of function calls

This rewrite improves some error messages, hugely simplifies the logic,
and fixes several bugs. One of these bugs is technically a new rule
which Andrew and I agreed on: if a parameter has a comptime-only type
but is not declared `comptime`, then the corresponding call argument
should not be *evaluated* at comptime; only resolved. Implementing this
required changing how function types work a little, which in turn
required allowing a new kind of function coercion for some generic use
cases: function coercions are now allowed to implicitly *remove*
`comptime` annotations from parameters with comptime-only types. This is
okay because removing the annotation affects only the call site.

Resolves: #22262

test/behavior/struct.zig

@@ -1511,7 +1511,7 @@ test "if inside struct init inside if" {
 
 test "optional generic function label struct field" {
     const Options = struct {
-        isFoo: ?fn (type) u8 = defaultIsFoo,
+        isFoo: ?fn (comptime type) u8 = defaultIsFoo,
         fn defaultIsFoo(comptime _: type) u8 {
             return 123;
         }