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exp2.zig (20924B) - Raw


      1 // Ported from musl, which is licensed under the MIT license:
      2 // https://git.musl-libc.org/cgit/musl/tree/COPYRIGHT
      3 //
      4 // https://git.musl-libc.org/cgit/musl/tree/src/math/exp2f.c
      5 // https://git.musl-libc.org/cgit/musl/tree/src/math/exp2.c
      6 
      7 const std = @import("std");
      8 const builtin = @import("builtin");
      9 const arch = builtin.cpu.arch;
     10 const math = std.math;
     11 const mem = std.mem;
     12 const expect = std.testing.expect;
     13 const expectEqual = std.testing.expectEqual;
     14 const common = @import("common.zig");
     15 
     16 pub const panic = common.panic;
     17 
     18 comptime {
     19     @export(&__exp2h, .{ .name = "__exp2h", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     20     @export(&exp2f, .{ .name = "exp2f", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     21     @export(&exp2, .{ .name = "exp2", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     22     @export(&__exp2x, .{ .name = "__exp2x", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     23     if (common.want_ppc_abi) {
     24         @export(&exp2q, .{ .name = "exp2f128", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     25     }
     26     @export(&exp2q, .{ .name = "exp2q", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     27     @export(&exp2l, .{ .name = "exp2l", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
     28 }
     29 
     30 pub fn __exp2h(x: f16) callconv(.c) f16 {
     31     // TODO: more efficient implementation
     32     return @floatCast(exp2f(x));
     33 }
     34 
     35 pub fn exp2f(x: f32) callconv(.c) f32 {
     36     const tblsiz: u32 = @intCast(exp2ft.len);
     37     const redux: f32 = 0x1.8p23 / @as(f32, @floatFromInt(tblsiz));
     38     const P1: f32 = 0x1.62e430p-1;
     39     const P2: f32 = 0x1.ebfbe0p-3;
     40     const P3: f32 = 0x1.c6b348p-5;
     41     const P4: f32 = 0x1.3b2c9cp-7;
     42 
     43     const u: u32 = @bitCast(x);
     44     const ix = u & 0x7FFFFFFF;
     45 
     46     // |x| > 126
     47     if (ix > 0x42FC0000) {
     48         // nan
     49         if (ix > 0x7F800000) {
     50             return x;
     51         }
     52         // x >= 128
     53         if (u >= 0x43000000 and u < 0x80000000) {
     54             return x * 0x1.0p127;
     55         }
     56         // x < -126
     57         if (u >= 0x80000000) {
     58             if (u >= 0xC3160000 or u & 0x000FFFF != 0) {
     59                 if (common.want_float_exceptions) mem.doNotOptimizeAway(-0x1.0p-149 / x);
     60             }
     61             // x <= -150
     62             if (u >= 0xC3160000) {
     63                 return 0;
     64             }
     65         }
     66     }
     67     // |x| <= 0x1p-25
     68     else if (ix <= 0x33000000) {
     69         return 1.0 + x;
     70     }
     71 
     72     // NOTE: musl relies on unsafe behaviours which are replicated below
     73     // (addition/bit-shift overflow). Appears that this produces the
     74     // intended result but should confirm how GCC/Clang handle this to ensure.
     75 
     76     var uf = x + redux;
     77     var i_0: u32 = @bitCast(uf);
     78     i_0 +%= tblsiz / 2;
     79 
     80     const k = i_0 / tblsiz;
     81     const uk: f64 = @bitCast(@as(u64, 0x3FF + k) << 52);
     82     i_0 &= tblsiz - 1;
     83     uf -= redux;
     84 
     85     const z: f64 = x - uf;
     86     var r: f64 = exp2ft[@intCast(i_0)];
     87     const t: f64 = r * z;
     88     r = r + t * (P1 + z * P2) + t * (z * z) * (P3 + z * P4);
     89     return @floatCast(r * uk);
     90 }
     91 
     92 pub fn exp2(x: f64) callconv(.c) f64 {
     93     const tblsiz: u32 = @intCast(exp2dt.len / 2);
     94     const redux: f64 = 0x1.8p52 / @as(f64, @floatFromInt(tblsiz));
     95     const P1: f64 = 0x1.62e42fefa39efp-1;
     96     const P2: f64 = 0x1.ebfbdff82c575p-3;
     97     const P3: f64 = 0x1.c6b08d704a0a6p-5;
     98     const P4: f64 = 0x1.3b2ab88f70400p-7;
     99     const P5: f64 = 0x1.5d88003875c74p-10;
    100 
    101     const ux: u64 = @bitCast(x);
    102     const ix = @as(u32, @intCast(ux >> 32)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
    103 
    104     // TODO: This should be handled beneath.
    105     if (math.isNan(x)) {
    106         return math.nan(f64);
    107     }
    108 
    109     // |x| >= 1022 or nan
    110     if (ix >= 0x408FF000) {
    111         // x >= 1024 or nan
    112         if (ix >= 0x40900000 and ux >> 63 == 0) {
    113             math.raiseOverflow();
    114             return math.inf(f64);
    115         }
    116         // -inf or -nan
    117         if (ix >= 0x7FF00000) {
    118             return -1 / x;
    119         }
    120         // x <= -1022
    121         if (ux >> 63 != 0) {
    122             // underflow
    123             if (x <= -1075 or x - 0x1.0p52 + 0x1.0p52 != x) {
    124                 if (common.want_float_exceptions) mem.doNotOptimizeAway(@as(f32, @floatCast(-0x1.0p-149 / x)));
    125             }
    126             if (x <= -1075) {
    127                 return 0;
    128             }
    129         }
    130     }
    131     // |x| < 0x1p-54
    132     else if (ix < 0x3C900000) {
    133         return 1.0 + x;
    134     }
    135 
    136     // NOTE: musl relies on unsafe behaviours which are replicated below
    137     // (addition overflow, division truncation, casting). Appears that this
    138     // produces the intended result but should confirm how GCC/Clang handle this
    139     // to ensure.
    140 
    141     // reduce x
    142     var uf: f64 = x + redux;
    143     // NOTE: musl performs an implicit 64-bit to 32-bit u32 truncation here
    144     var i_0: u32 = @truncate(@as(u64, @bitCast(uf)));
    145     i_0 +%= tblsiz / 2;
    146 
    147     const k: u32 = i_0 / tblsiz * tblsiz;
    148     const ik: i32 = @divTrunc(@as(i32, @bitCast(k)), tblsiz);
    149     i_0 %= tblsiz;
    150     uf -= redux;
    151 
    152     // r = exp2(y) = exp2t[i_0] * p(z - eps[i])
    153     var z: f64 = x - uf;
    154     const t: f64 = exp2dt[@intCast(2 * i_0)];
    155     z -= exp2dt[@intCast(2 * i_0 + 1)];
    156     const r: f64 = t + t * z * (P1 + z * (P2 + z * (P3 + z * (P4 + z * P5))));
    157 
    158     return math.scalbn(r, ik);
    159 }
    160 
    161 pub fn __exp2x(x: f80) callconv(.c) f80 {
    162     // TODO: more efficient implementation
    163     return @floatCast(exp2q(x));
    164 }
    165 
    166 pub fn exp2q(x: f128) callconv(.c) f128 {
    167     // TODO: more correct implementation
    168     return exp2(@floatCast(x));
    169 }
    170 
    171 pub fn exp2l(x: c_longdouble) callconv(.c) c_longdouble {
    172     switch (@typeInfo(c_longdouble).float.bits) {
    173         16 => return __exp2h(x),
    174         32 => return exp2f(x),
    175         64 => return exp2(x),
    176         80 => return __exp2x(x),
    177         128 => return exp2q(x),
    178         else => @compileError("unreachable"),
    179     }
    180 }
    181 
    182 const exp2ft = [_]f64{
    183     0x1.6a09e667f3bcdp-1,
    184     0x1.7a11473eb0187p-1,
    185     0x1.8ace5422aa0dbp-1,
    186     0x1.9c49182a3f090p-1,
    187     0x1.ae89f995ad3adp-1,
    188     0x1.c199bdd85529cp-1,
    189     0x1.d5818dcfba487p-1,
    190     0x1.ea4afa2a490dap-1,
    191     0x1.0000000000000p+0,
    192     0x1.0b5586cf9890fp+0,
    193     0x1.172b83c7d517bp+0,
    194     0x1.2387a6e756238p+0,
    195     0x1.306fe0a31b715p+0,
    196     0x1.3dea64c123422p+0,
    197     0x1.4bfdad5362a27p+0,
    198     0x1.5ab07dd485429p+0,
    199 };
    200 
    201 const exp2dt = [_]f64{
    202     //  exp2(z + eps)          eps
    203     0x1.6a09e667f3d5dp-1, 0x1.9880p-44,
    204     0x1.6b052fa751744p-1, 0x1.8000p-50,
    205     0x1.6c012750bd9fep-1, -0x1.8780p-45,
    206     0x1.6cfdcddd476bfp-1, 0x1.ec00p-46,
    207     0x1.6dfb23c651a29p-1, -0x1.8000p-50,
    208     0x1.6ef9298593ae3p-1, -0x1.c000p-52,
    209     0x1.6ff7df9519386p-1, -0x1.fd80p-45,
    210     0x1.70f7466f42da3p-1, -0x1.c880p-45,
    211     0x1.71f75e8ec5fc3p-1, 0x1.3c00p-46,
    212     0x1.72f8286eacf05p-1, -0x1.8300p-44,
    213     0x1.73f9a48a58152p-1, -0x1.0c00p-47,
    214     0x1.74fbd35d7ccfcp-1, 0x1.f880p-45,
    215     0x1.75feb564267f1p-1, 0x1.3e00p-47,
    216     0x1.77024b1ab6d48p-1, -0x1.7d00p-45,
    217     0x1.780694fde5d38p-1, -0x1.d000p-50,
    218     0x1.790b938ac1d00p-1, 0x1.3000p-49,
    219     0x1.7a11473eb0178p-1, -0x1.d000p-49,
    220     0x1.7b17b0976d060p-1, 0x1.0400p-45,
    221     0x1.7c1ed0130c133p-1, 0x1.0000p-53,
    222     0x1.7d26a62ff8636p-1, -0x1.6900p-45,
    223     0x1.7e2f336cf4e3bp-1, -0x1.2e00p-47,
    224     0x1.7f3878491c3e8p-1, -0x1.4580p-45,
    225     0x1.80427543e1b4ep-1, 0x1.3000p-44,
    226     0x1.814d2add1071ap-1, 0x1.f000p-47,
    227     0x1.82589994ccd7ep-1, -0x1.1c00p-45,
    228     0x1.8364c1eb942d0p-1, 0x1.9d00p-45,
    229     0x1.8471a4623cab5p-1, 0x1.7100p-43,
    230     0x1.857f4179f5bbcp-1, 0x1.2600p-45,
    231     0x1.868d99b4491afp-1, -0x1.2c40p-44,
    232     0x1.879cad931a395p-1, -0x1.3000p-45,
    233     0x1.88ac7d98a65b8p-1, -0x1.a800p-45,
    234     0x1.89bd0a4785800p-1, -0x1.d000p-49,
    235     0x1.8ace5422aa223p-1, 0x1.3280p-44,
    236     0x1.8be05bad619fap-1, 0x1.2b40p-43,
    237     0x1.8cf3216b54383p-1, -0x1.ed00p-45,
    238     0x1.8e06a5e08664cp-1, -0x1.0500p-45,
    239     0x1.8f1ae99157807p-1, 0x1.8280p-45,
    240     0x1.902fed0282c0ep-1, -0x1.cb00p-46,
    241     0x1.9145b0b91ff96p-1, -0x1.5e00p-47,
    242     0x1.925c353aa2ff9p-1, 0x1.5400p-48,
    243     0x1.93737b0cdc64ap-1, 0x1.7200p-46,
    244     0x1.948b82b5f98aep-1, -0x1.9000p-47,
    245     0x1.95a44cbc852cbp-1, 0x1.5680p-45,
    246     0x1.96bdd9a766f21p-1, -0x1.6d00p-44,
    247     0x1.97d829fde4e2ap-1, -0x1.1000p-47,
    248     0x1.98f33e47a23a3p-1, 0x1.d000p-45,
    249     0x1.9a0f170ca0604p-1, -0x1.8a40p-44,
    250     0x1.9b2bb4d53ff89p-1, 0x1.55c0p-44,
    251     0x1.9c49182a3f15bp-1, 0x1.6b80p-45,
    252     0x1.9d674194bb8c5p-1, -0x1.c000p-49,
    253     0x1.9e86319e3238ep-1, 0x1.7d00p-46,
    254     0x1.9fa5e8d07f302p-1, 0x1.6400p-46,
    255     0x1.a0c667b5de54dp-1, -0x1.5000p-48,
    256     0x1.a1e7aed8eb8f6p-1, 0x1.9e00p-47,
    257     0x1.a309bec4a2e27p-1, 0x1.ad80p-45,
    258     0x1.a42c980460a5dp-1, -0x1.af00p-46,
    259     0x1.a5503b23e259bp-1, 0x1.b600p-47,
    260     0x1.a674a8af46213p-1, 0x1.8880p-44,
    261     0x1.a799e1330b3a7p-1, 0x1.1200p-46,
    262     0x1.a8bfe53c12e8dp-1, 0x1.6c00p-47,
    263     0x1.a9e6b5579fcd2p-1, -0x1.9b80p-45,
    264     0x1.ab0e521356fb8p-1, 0x1.b700p-45,
    265     0x1.ac36bbfd3f381p-1, 0x1.9000p-50,
    266     0x1.ad5ff3a3c2780p-1, 0x1.4000p-49,
    267     0x1.ae89f995ad2a3p-1, -0x1.c900p-45,
    268     0x1.afb4ce622f367p-1, 0x1.6500p-46,
    269     0x1.b0e07298db790p-1, 0x1.fd40p-45,
    270     0x1.b20ce6c9a89a9p-1, 0x1.2700p-46,
    271     0x1.b33a2b84f1a4bp-1, 0x1.d470p-43,
    272     0x1.b468415b747e7p-1, -0x1.8380p-44,
    273     0x1.b59728de5593ap-1, 0x1.8000p-54,
    274     0x1.b6c6e29f1c56ap-1, 0x1.ad00p-47,
    275     0x1.b7f76f2fb5e50p-1, 0x1.e800p-50,
    276     0x1.b928cf22749b2p-1, -0x1.4c00p-47,
    277     0x1.ba5b030a10603p-1, -0x1.d700p-47,
    278     0x1.bb8e0b79a6f66p-1, 0x1.d900p-47,
    279     0x1.bcc1e904bc1ffp-1, 0x1.2a00p-47,
    280     0x1.bdf69c3f3a16fp-1, -0x1.f780p-46,
    281     0x1.bf2c25bd71db8p-1, -0x1.0a00p-46,
    282     0x1.c06286141b2e9p-1, -0x1.1400p-46,
    283     0x1.c199bdd8552e0p-1, 0x1.be00p-47,
    284     0x1.c2d1cd9fa64eep-1, -0x1.9400p-47,
    285     0x1.c40ab5fffd02fp-1, -0x1.ed00p-47,
    286     0x1.c544778fafd15p-1, 0x1.9660p-44,
    287     0x1.c67f12e57d0cbp-1, -0x1.a100p-46,
    288     0x1.c7ba88988c1b6p-1, -0x1.8458p-42,
    289     0x1.c8f6d9406e733p-1, -0x1.a480p-46,
    290     0x1.ca3405751c4dfp-1, 0x1.b000p-51,
    291     0x1.cb720dcef9094p-1, 0x1.1400p-47,
    292     0x1.ccb0f2e6d1689p-1, 0x1.0200p-48,
    293     0x1.cdf0b555dc412p-1, 0x1.3600p-48,
    294     0x1.cf3155b5bab3bp-1, -0x1.6900p-47,
    295     0x1.d072d4a0789bcp-1, 0x1.9a00p-47,
    296     0x1.d1b532b08c8fap-1, -0x1.5e00p-46,
    297     0x1.d2f87080d8a85p-1, 0x1.d280p-46,
    298     0x1.d43c8eacaa203p-1, 0x1.1a00p-47,
    299     0x1.d5818dcfba491p-1, 0x1.f000p-50,
    300     0x1.d6c76e862e6a1p-1, -0x1.3a00p-47,
    301     0x1.d80e316c9834ep-1, -0x1.cd80p-47,
    302     0x1.d955d71ff6090p-1, 0x1.4c00p-48,
    303     0x1.da9e603db32aep-1, 0x1.f900p-48,
    304     0x1.dbe7cd63a8325p-1, 0x1.9800p-49,
    305     0x1.dd321f301b445p-1, -0x1.5200p-48,
    306     0x1.de7d5641c05bfp-1, -0x1.d700p-46,
    307     0x1.dfc97337b9aecp-1, -0x1.6140p-46,
    308     0x1.e11676b197d5ep-1, 0x1.b480p-47,
    309     0x1.e264614f5a3e7p-1, 0x1.0ce0p-43,
    310     0x1.e3b333b16ee5cp-1, 0x1.c680p-47,
    311     0x1.e502ee78b3fb4p-1, -0x1.9300p-47,
    312     0x1.e653924676d68p-1, -0x1.5000p-49,
    313     0x1.e7a51fbc74c44p-1, -0x1.7f80p-47,
    314     0x1.e8f7977cdb726p-1, -0x1.3700p-48,
    315     0x1.ea4afa2a490e8p-1, 0x1.5d00p-49,
    316     0x1.eb9f4867ccae4p-1, 0x1.61a0p-46,
    317     0x1.ecf482d8e680dp-1, 0x1.5500p-48,
    318     0x1.ee4aaa2188514p-1, 0x1.6400p-51,
    319     0x1.efa1bee615a13p-1, -0x1.e800p-49,
    320     0x1.f0f9c1cb64106p-1, -0x1.a880p-48,
    321     0x1.f252b376bb963p-1, -0x1.c900p-45,
    322     0x1.f3ac948dd7275p-1, 0x1.a000p-53,
    323     0x1.f50765b6e4524p-1, -0x1.4f00p-48,
    324     0x1.f6632798844fdp-1, 0x1.a800p-51,
    325     0x1.f7bfdad9cbe38p-1, 0x1.abc0p-48,
    326     0x1.f91d802243c82p-1, -0x1.4600p-50,
    327     0x1.fa7c1819e908ep-1, -0x1.b0c0p-47,
    328     0x1.fbdba3692d511p-1, -0x1.0e00p-51,
    329     0x1.fd3c22b8f7194p-1, -0x1.0de8p-46,
    330     0x1.fe9d96b2a23eep-1, 0x1.e430p-49,
    331     0x1.0000000000000p+0, 0x0.0000p+0,
    332     0x1.00b1afa5abcbep+0, -0x1.3400p-52,
    333     0x1.0163da9fb3303p+0, -0x1.2170p-46,
    334     0x1.02168143b0282p+0, 0x1.a400p-52,
    335     0x1.02c9a3e77806cp+0, 0x1.f980p-49,
    336     0x1.037d42e11bbcap+0, -0x1.7400p-51,
    337     0x1.04315e86e7f89p+0, 0x1.8300p-50,
    338     0x1.04e5f72f65467p+0, -0x1.a3f0p-46,
    339     0x1.059b0d315855ap+0, -0x1.2840p-47,
    340     0x1.0650a0e3c1f95p+0, 0x1.1600p-48,
    341     0x1.0706b29ddf71ap+0, 0x1.5240p-46,
    342     0x1.07bd42b72a82dp+0, -0x1.9a00p-49,
    343     0x1.0874518759bd0p+0, 0x1.6400p-49,
    344     0x1.092bdf66607c8p+0, -0x1.0780p-47,
    345     0x1.09e3ecac6f383p+0, -0x1.8000p-54,
    346     0x1.0a9c79b1f3930p+0, 0x1.fa00p-48,
    347     0x1.0b5586cf988fcp+0, -0x1.ac80p-48,
    348     0x1.0c0f145e46c8ap+0, 0x1.9c00p-50,
    349     0x1.0cc922b724816p+0, 0x1.5200p-47,
    350     0x1.0d83b23395dd8p+0, -0x1.ad00p-48,
    351     0x1.0e3ec32d3d1f3p+0, 0x1.bac0p-46,
    352     0x1.0efa55fdfa9a6p+0, -0x1.4e80p-47,
    353     0x1.0fb66affed2f0p+0, -0x1.d300p-47,
    354     0x1.1073028d7234bp+0, 0x1.1500p-48,
    355     0x1.11301d0125b5bp+0, 0x1.c000p-49,
    356     0x1.11edbab5e2af9p+0, 0x1.6bc0p-46,
    357     0x1.12abdc06c31d5p+0, 0x1.8400p-49,
    358     0x1.136a814f2047dp+0, -0x1.ed00p-47,
    359     0x1.1429aaea92de9p+0, 0x1.8e00p-49,
    360     0x1.14e95934f3138p+0, 0x1.b400p-49,
    361     0x1.15a98c8a58e71p+0, 0x1.5300p-47,
    362     0x1.166a45471c3dfp+0, 0x1.3380p-47,
    363     0x1.172b83c7d5211p+0, 0x1.8d40p-45,
    364     0x1.17ed48695bb9fp+0, -0x1.5d00p-47,
    365     0x1.18af9388c8d93p+0, -0x1.c880p-46,
    366     0x1.1972658375d66p+0, 0x1.1f00p-46,
    367     0x1.1a35beb6fcba7p+0, 0x1.0480p-46,
    368     0x1.1af99f81387e3p+0, -0x1.7390p-43,
    369     0x1.1bbe084045d54p+0, 0x1.4e40p-45,
    370     0x1.1c82f95281c43p+0, -0x1.a200p-47,
    371     0x1.1d4873168b9b2p+0, 0x1.3800p-49,
    372     0x1.1e0e75eb44031p+0, 0x1.ac00p-49,
    373     0x1.1ed5022fcd938p+0, 0x1.1900p-47,
    374     0x1.1f9c18438cdf7p+0, -0x1.b780p-46,
    375     0x1.2063b88628d8fp+0, 0x1.d940p-45,
    376     0x1.212be3578a81ep+0, 0x1.8000p-50,
    377     0x1.21f49917ddd41p+0, 0x1.b340p-45,
    378     0x1.22bdda2791323p+0, 0x1.9f80p-46,
    379     0x1.2387a6e7561e7p+0, -0x1.9c80p-46,
    380     0x1.2451ffb821427p+0, 0x1.2300p-47,
    381     0x1.251ce4fb2a602p+0, -0x1.3480p-46,
    382     0x1.25e85711eceb0p+0, 0x1.2700p-46,
    383     0x1.26b4565e27d16p+0, 0x1.1d00p-46,
    384     0x1.2780e341de00fp+0, 0x1.1ee0p-44,
    385     0x1.284dfe1f5633ep+0, -0x1.4c00p-46,
    386     0x1.291ba7591bb30p+0, -0x1.3d80p-46,
    387     0x1.29e9df51fdf09p+0, 0x1.8b00p-47,
    388     0x1.2ab8a66d10e9bp+0, -0x1.27c0p-45,
    389     0x1.2b87fd0dada3ap+0, 0x1.a340p-45,
    390     0x1.2c57e39771af9p+0, -0x1.0800p-46,
    391     0x1.2d285a6e402d9p+0, -0x1.ed00p-47,
    392     0x1.2df961f641579p+0, -0x1.4200p-48,
    393     0x1.2ecafa93e2ecfp+0, -0x1.4980p-45,
    394     0x1.2f9d24abd8822p+0, -0x1.6300p-46,
    395     0x1.306fe0a31b625p+0, -0x1.2360p-44,
    396     0x1.31432edeea50bp+0, -0x1.0df8p-40,
    397     0x1.32170fc4cd7b8p+0, -0x1.2480p-45,
    398     0x1.32eb83ba8e9a2p+0, -0x1.5980p-45,
    399     0x1.33c08b2641766p+0, 0x1.ed00p-46,
    400     0x1.3496266e3fa27p+0, -0x1.c000p-50,
    401     0x1.356c55f929f0fp+0, -0x1.0d80p-44,
    402     0x1.36431a2de88b9p+0, 0x1.2c80p-45,
    403     0x1.371a7373aaa39p+0, 0x1.0600p-45,
    404     0x1.37f26231e74fep+0, -0x1.6600p-46,
    405     0x1.38cae6d05d838p+0, -0x1.ae00p-47,
    406     0x1.39a401b713ec3p+0, -0x1.4720p-43,
    407     0x1.3a7db34e5a020p+0, 0x1.8200p-47,
    408     0x1.3b57fbfec6e95p+0, 0x1.e800p-44,
    409     0x1.3c32dc313a8f2p+0, 0x1.f800p-49,
    410     0x1.3d0e544ede122p+0, -0x1.7a00p-46,
    411     0x1.3dea64c1234bbp+0, 0x1.6300p-45,
    412     0x1.3ec70df1c4eccp+0, -0x1.8a60p-43,
    413     0x1.3fa4504ac7e8cp+0, -0x1.cdc0p-44,
    414     0x1.40822c367a0bbp+0, 0x1.5b80p-45,
    415     0x1.4160a21f72e95p+0, 0x1.ec00p-46,
    416     0x1.423fb27094646p+0, -0x1.3600p-46,
    417     0x1.431f5d950a920p+0, 0x1.3980p-45,
    418     0x1.43ffa3f84b9ebp+0, 0x1.a000p-48,
    419     0x1.44e0860618919p+0, -0x1.6c00p-48,
    420     0x1.45c2042a7d201p+0, -0x1.bc00p-47,
    421     0x1.46a41ed1d0016p+0, -0x1.2800p-46,
    422     0x1.4786d668b3326p+0, 0x1.0e00p-44,
    423     0x1.486a2b5c13c00p+0, -0x1.d400p-45,
    424     0x1.494e1e192af04p+0, 0x1.c200p-47,
    425     0x1.4a32af0d7d372p+0, -0x1.e500p-46,
    426     0x1.4b17dea6db801p+0, 0x1.7800p-47,
    427     0x1.4bfdad53629e1p+0, -0x1.3800p-46,
    428     0x1.4ce41b817c132p+0, 0x1.0800p-47,
    429     0x1.4dcb299fddddbp+0, 0x1.c700p-45,
    430     0x1.4eb2d81d8ab96p+0, -0x1.ce00p-46,
    431     0x1.4f9b2769d2d02p+0, 0x1.9200p-46,
    432     0x1.508417f4531c1p+0, -0x1.8c00p-47,
    433     0x1.516daa2cf662ap+0, -0x1.a000p-48,
    434     0x1.5257de83f51eap+0, 0x1.a080p-43,
    435     0x1.5342b569d4edap+0, -0x1.6d80p-45,
    436     0x1.542e2f4f6ac1ap+0, -0x1.2440p-44,
    437     0x1.551a4ca5d94dbp+0, 0x1.83c0p-43,
    438     0x1.56070dde9116bp+0, 0x1.4b00p-45,
    439     0x1.56f4736b529dep+0, 0x1.15a0p-43,
    440     0x1.57e27dbe2c40ep+0, -0x1.9e00p-45,
    441     0x1.58d12d497c76fp+0, -0x1.3080p-45,
    442     0x1.59c0827ff0b4cp+0, 0x1.dec0p-43,
    443     0x1.5ab07dd485427p+0, -0x1.4000p-51,
    444     0x1.5ba11fba87af4p+0, 0x1.0080p-44,
    445     0x1.5c9268a59460bp+0, -0x1.6c80p-45,
    446     0x1.5d84590998e3fp+0, 0x1.69a0p-43,
    447     0x1.5e76f15ad20e1p+0, -0x1.b400p-46,
    448     0x1.5f6a320dcebcap+0, 0x1.7700p-46,
    449     0x1.605e1b976dcb8p+0, 0x1.6f80p-45,
    450     0x1.6152ae6cdf715p+0, 0x1.1000p-47,
    451     0x1.6247eb03a5531p+0, -0x1.5d00p-46,
    452     0x1.633dd1d1929b5p+0, -0x1.2d00p-46,
    453     0x1.6434634ccc313p+0, -0x1.a800p-49,
    454     0x1.652b9febc8efap+0, -0x1.8600p-45,
    455     0x1.6623882553397p+0, 0x1.1fe0p-40,
    456     0x1.671c1c708328ep+0, -0x1.7200p-44,
    457     0x1.68155d44ca97ep+0, 0x1.6800p-49,
    458     0x1.690f4b19e9471p+0, -0x1.9780p-45,
    459 };
    460 
    461 test "exp2f() special" {
    462     try expectEqual(exp2f(0.0), 1.0);
    463     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0.0), 1.0);
    464     try expectEqual(exp2f(1.0), 2.0);
    465     try expectEqual(exp2f(-1.0), 0.5);
    466     try expectEqual(exp2f(math.inf(f32)), math.inf(f32));
    467     try expect(math.isPositiveZero(exp2f(-math.inf(f32))));
    468     try expect(math.isNan(exp2f(math.nan(f32))));
    469     try expect(math.isNan(exp2f(math.snan(f32))));
    470 }
    471 
    472 test "exp2f() sanity" {
    473     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.0223a0p+3), 0x1.e8d134p-9);
    474     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.161868p+2), 0x1.453672p+4);
    475     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.0c34b4p+3), 0x1.890ca0p-9);
    476     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.a206f0p+2), 0x1.622d4ep-7);
    477     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.288bbcp+3), 0x1.340ecep+9);
    478     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.52efd0p-1), 0x1.950eeep+0);
    479     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.a05cc8p-2), 0x1.824056p-1);
    480     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.1f9efap-1), 0x1.79dfa2p+0);
    481     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.8c5db0p-1), 0x1.b5ceacp+0);
    482     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.5b86eap-1), 0x1.3fd8bap-1);
    483 }
    484 
    485 test "exp2f() boundary" {
    486     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.fffffep+6), 0x1.ffff4ep+127); // The last value before the result gets infinite
    487     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1p+7), math.inf(f32)); // The first value that gives infinite result
    488     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.2bccccp+7), 0x1p-149); // The last value before the result flushes to zero
    489     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.2cp+7), 0); // The first value at which the result flushes to zero
    490     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.f8p+6), 0x1p-126); // The last value before the result flushes to subnormal
    491     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1.f80002p+6), 0x1.ffff50p-127); // The first value for which the result flushes to subnormal
    492     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1.fffffep+127), math.inf(f32)); // Max input value
    493     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1p-149), 1); // Min positive input value
    494     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1p-149), 1); // Min negative input value
    495     try expectEqual(exp2f(0x1p-126), 1); // First positive subnormal input
    496     try expectEqual(exp2f(-0x1p-126), 1); // First negative subnormal input
    497 }
    498 
    499 test "exp2() special" {
    500     try expectEqual(exp2(0.0), 1.0);
    501     try expectEqual(exp2(-0.0), 1.0);
    502     try expectEqual(exp2(1.0), 2.0);
    503     try expectEqual(exp2(-1.0), 0.5);
    504     try expectEqual(exp2(math.inf(f64)), math.inf(f64));
    505     try expect(math.isPositiveZero(exp2(-math.inf(f64))));
    506     try expect(math.isNan(exp2(math.nan(f64))));
    507     try expect(math.isNan(exp2(math.snan(f64))));
    508 }
    509 
    510 test "exp2() sanity" {
    511     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.02239f3c6a8f1p+3), 0x1.e8d13c396f452p-9);
    512     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.161868e18bc67p+2), 0x1.4536746bb6f12p+4);
    513     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.0c34b3e01e6e7p+3), 0x1.890ca0c00b9a2p-9);
    514     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.a206f0a19dcc4p+2), 0x1.622d4b0ebc6c1p-7);
    515     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.288bbb0d6a1e6p+3), 0x1.340ec7f3e607ep+9);
    516     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.52efd0cd80497p-1), 0x1.950eef4bc5451p+0);
    517     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.a05cc754481d1p-2), 0x1.824056efc687cp-1);
    518     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.1f9ef934745cbp-1), 0x1.79dfa14ab121ep+0);
    519     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.8c5db097f7442p-1), 0x1.b5cead2247372p+0);
    520     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.5b86ea8118a0ep-1), 0x1.3fd8ba33216b9p-1);
    521 }
    522 
    523 test "exp2() boundary" {
    524     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.fffffffffffffp+9), 0x1.ffffffffffd3ap+1023); // The last value before the result gets infinite
    525     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1p+10), math.inf(f64)); // The first value that gives infinite result
    526     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.0cbffffffffffp+10), 0x1p-1074); // The last value before the result flushes to zero
    527     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.0ccp+10), 0); // The first value at which the result flushes to zero
    528     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.ffp+9), 0x1p-1022); // The last value before the result flushes to subnormal
    529     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1.ff00000000001p+9), 0x1.ffffffffffd3ap-1023); // The first value for which the result flushes to subnormal
    530     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1.fffffffffffffp+1023), math.inf(f64)); // Max input value
    531     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1p-1074), 1); // Min positive input value
    532     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1p-1074), 1); // Min negative input value
    533     try expectEqual(exp2(0x1p-1022), 1); // First positive subnormal input
    534     try expectEqual(exp2(-0x1p-1022), 1); // First negative subnormal input
    535 }