Files
zig/src/Air.zig
2021-08-01 16:13:58 -07:00

580 lines
20 KiB
Zig

//! Analyzed Intermediate Representation.
//! This data is produced by Sema and consumed by codegen.
//! Unlike ZIR where there is one instance for an entire source file, each function
//! gets its own `Air` instance.
const std = @import("std");
const Value = @import("value.zig").Value;
const Type = @import("type.zig").Type;
const Module = @import("Module.zig");
const assert = std.debug.assert;
const Air = @This();
instructions: std.MultiArrayList(Inst).Slice,
/// The meaning of this data is determined by `Inst.Tag` value.
/// The first few indexes are reserved. See `ExtraIndex` for the values.
extra: []const u32,
values: []const Value,
pub const ExtraIndex = enum(u32) {
/// Payload index of the main `Block` in the `extra` array.
main_block,
_,
};
pub const Inst = struct {
tag: Tag,
data: Data,
pub const Tag = enum(u8) {
/// The first N instructions in the main block must be one arg instruction per
/// function parameter. This makes function parameters participate in
/// liveness analysis without any special handling.
/// Uses the `ty_str` field.
/// The string is the parameter name.
arg,
/// Float or integer addition. For integers, wrapping is undefined behavior.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
add,
/// Integer addition. Wrapping is defined to be twos complement wrapping.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
addwrap,
/// Float or integer subtraction. For integers, wrapping is undefined behavior.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
sub,
/// Integer subtraction. Wrapping is defined to be twos complement wrapping.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
subwrap,
/// Float or integer multiplication. For integers, wrapping is undefined behavior.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
mul,
/// Integer multiplication. Wrapping is defined to be twos complement wrapping.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
mulwrap,
/// Integer or float division. For integers, wrapping is undefined behavior.
/// Both operands are guaranteed to be the same type, and the result type
/// is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
div,
/// Allocates stack local memory.
/// Uses the `ty` field.
alloc,
/// Inline assembly. Uses the `ty_pl` field. Payload is `Asm`.
assembly,
/// Bitwise AND. `&`.
/// Result type is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
bit_and,
/// Bitwise OR. `|`.
/// Result type is the same as both operands.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
bit_or,
/// Bitwise XOR. `^`
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
xor,
/// Boolean or binary NOT.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
not,
/// Reinterpret the memory representation of a value as a different type.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
bitcast,
/// Uses the `ty_pl` field with payload `Block`.
block,
/// A labeled block of code that loops forever. At the end of the body it is implied
/// to repeat; no explicit "repeat" instruction terminates loop bodies.
/// Result type is always noreturn; no instructions in a block follow this one.
/// Uses the `ty_pl` field. Payload is `Block`.
loop,
/// Return from a block with a result.
/// Result type is always noreturn; no instructions in a block follow this one.
/// Uses the `br` field.
br,
/// Lowers to a hardware trap instruction, or the next best thing.
/// Result type is always void.
breakpoint,
/// Function call.
/// Result type is the return type of the function being called.
/// Uses the `pl_op` field with the `Call` payload. operand is the callee.
call,
/// `<`. Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
cmp_lt,
/// `<=`. Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
cmp_lte,
/// `==`. Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
cmp_eq,
/// `>=`. Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
cmp_gte,
/// `>`. Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
cmp_gt,
/// `!=`. Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
cmp_neq,
/// Conditional branch.
/// Result type is always noreturn; no instructions in a block follow this one.
/// Uses the `pl_op` field. Operand is the condition. Payload is `CondBr`.
cond_br,
/// Switch branch.
/// Result type is always noreturn; no instructions in a block follow this one.
/// Uses the `pl_op` field. Operand is the condition. Payload is `SwitchBr`.
switch_br,
/// A comptime-known value. Uses the `ty_pl` field, payload is index of
/// `values` array.
constant,
/// A comptime-known type. Uses the `ty` field.
const_ty,
/// Notes the beginning of a source code statement and marks the line and column.
/// Result type is always void.
/// Uses the `dbg_stmt` field.
dbg_stmt,
/// ?T => bool
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_null,
/// ?T => bool (inverted logic)
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_non_null,
/// *?T => bool
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_null_ptr,
/// *?T => bool (inverted logic)
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_non_null_ptr,
/// E!T => bool
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_err,
/// E!T => bool (inverted logic)
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_non_err,
/// *E!T => bool
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_err_ptr,
/// *E!T => bool (inverted logic)
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
is_non_err_ptr,
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
bool_and,
/// Result type is always bool.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
bool_or,
/// Read a value from a pointer.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
load,
/// Converts a pointer to its address. Result type is always `usize`.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
ptrtoint,
/// Given a boolean, returns 0 or 1.
/// Result type is always `u1`.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
bool_to_int,
/// Return a value from a function.
/// Result type is always noreturn; no instructions in a block follow this one.
/// Uses the `un_op` field.
ret,
/// Write a value to a pointer. LHS is pointer, RHS is value.
/// Result type is always void.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
store,
/// Indicates the program counter will never get to this instruction.
/// Result type is always noreturn; no instructions in a block follow this one.
unreach,
/// Convert from one float type to another.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
floatcast,
/// Returns an integer with a different type than the operand. The new type may have
/// fewer, the same, or more bits than the operand type. However, the instruction
/// guarantees that the same integer value fits in both types.
/// See `trunc` for integer truncation.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
intcast,
/// Truncate higher bits from an integer, resulting in an integer with the same
/// sign but an equal or smaller number of bits.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
trunc,
/// ?T => T. If the value is null, undefined behavior.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
optional_payload,
/// *?T => *T. If the value is null, undefined behavior.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
optional_payload_ptr,
/// Given a payload value, wraps it in an optional type.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
wrap_optional,
/// E!T -> T. If the value is an error, undefined behavior.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
unwrap_errunion_payload,
/// E!T -> E. If the value is not an error, undefined behavior.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
unwrap_errunion_err,
/// *(E!T) -> *T. If the value is an error, undefined behavior.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
unwrap_errunion_payload_ptr,
/// *(E!T) -> E. If the value is not an error, undefined behavior.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
unwrap_errunion_err_ptr,
/// wrap from T to E!T
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
wrap_errunion_payload,
/// wrap from E to E!T
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
wrap_errunion_err,
/// Given a pointer to a struct and a field index, returns a pointer to the field.
/// Uses the `ty_pl` field, payload is `StructField`.
struct_field_ptr,
/// Given a byval struct and a field index, returns the field byval.
/// Uses the `ty_pl` field, payload is `StructField`.
struct_field_val,
/// Given a slice value, return the length.
/// Result type is always usize.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
slice_len,
/// Given a slice value, return the pointer.
/// Uses the `ty_op` field.
slice_ptr,
/// Given a slice value, and element index, return the element value at that index.
/// Result type is the element type of the slice operand.
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
slice_elem_val,
/// Given a pointer to a slice, and element index, return the element value at that index.
/// Result type is the element type of the slice operand (2 element type operations).
/// Uses the `bin_op` field.
ptr_slice_elem_val,
pub fn fromCmpOp(op: std.math.CompareOperator) Tag {
return switch (op) {
.lt => .cmp_lt,
.lte => .cmp_lte,
.eq => .cmp_eq,
.gte => .cmp_gte,
.gt => .cmp_gt,
.neq => .cmp_neq,
};
}
pub fn toCmpOp(tag: Tag) ?std.math.CompareOperator {
return switch (tag) {
.cmp_lt => .lt,
.cmp_lte => .lte,
.cmp_eq => .eq,
.cmp_gte => .gte,
.cmp_gt => .gt,
.cmp_neq => .neq,
else => null,
};
}
};
/// The position of an AIR instruction within the `Air` instructions array.
pub const Index = u32;
pub const Ref = @import("Zir.zig").Inst.Ref;
/// All instructions have an 8-byte payload, which is contained within
/// this union. `Tag` determines which union field is active, as well as
/// how to interpret the data within.
pub const Data = union {
no_op: void,
un_op: Ref,
bin_op: struct {
lhs: Ref,
rhs: Ref,
},
ty: Type,
ty_op: struct {
ty: Ref,
operand: Ref,
},
ty_pl: struct {
ty: Ref,
// Index into a different array.
payload: u32,
},
ty_str: struct {
ty: Ref,
// ZIR string table index.
str: u32,
},
br: struct {
block_inst: Index,
operand: Ref,
},
pl_op: struct {
operand: Ref,
payload: u32,
},
dbg_stmt: struct {
line: u32,
column: u32,
},
// Make sure we don't accidentally add a field to make this union
// bigger than expected. Note that in Debug builds, Zig is allowed
// to insert a secret field for safety checks.
comptime {
if (std.builtin.mode != .Debug) {
assert(@sizeOf(Data) == 8);
}
}
};
};
/// Trailing is a list of instruction indexes for every `body_len`.
pub const Block = struct {
body_len: u32,
};
/// Trailing is a list of `Inst.Ref` for every `args_len`.
pub const Call = struct {
args_len: u32,
};
/// This data is stored inside extra, with two sets of trailing `Inst.Ref`:
/// * 0. the then body, according to `then_body_len`.
/// * 1. the else body, according to `else_body_len`.
pub const CondBr = struct {
then_body_len: u32,
else_body_len: u32,
};
/// Trailing:
/// * 0. `Case` for each `cases_len`
/// * 1. the else body, according to `else_body_len`.
pub const SwitchBr = struct {
cases_len: u32,
else_body_len: u32,
/// Trailing:
/// * item: Inst.Ref // for each `items_len`.
/// * instruction index for each `body_len`.
pub const Case = struct {
items_len: u32,
body_len: u32,
};
};
pub const StructField = struct {
/// Whether this is a pointer or byval is determined by the AIR tag.
struct_operand: Inst.Ref,
field_index: u32,
};
/// Trailing:
/// 0. `Inst.Ref` for every outputs_len
/// 1. `Inst.Ref` for every inputs_len
pub const Asm = struct {
/// Index to the corresponding ZIR instruction.
/// `asm_source`, `outputs_len`, `inputs_len`, `clobbers_len`, `is_volatile`, and
/// clobbers are found via here.
zir_index: u32,
};
pub fn getMainBody(air: Air) []const Air.Inst.Index {
const body_index = air.extra[@enumToInt(ExtraIndex.main_block)];
const extra = air.extraData(Block, body_index);
return air.extra[extra.end..][0..extra.data.body_len];
}
pub fn typeOf(air: Air, inst: Air.Inst.Ref) Type {
const ref_int = @enumToInt(inst);
if (ref_int < Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len) {
return Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map[ref_int].ty;
}
return air.typeOfIndex(@intCast(Air.Inst.Index, ref_int - Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len));
}
pub fn typeOfIndex(air: Air, inst: Air.Inst.Index) Type {
const datas = air.instructions.items(.data);
switch (air.instructions.items(.tag)[inst]) {
.arg => return air.getRefType(datas[inst].ty_str.ty),
.add,
.addwrap,
.sub,
.subwrap,
.mul,
.mulwrap,
.div,
.bit_and,
.bit_or,
.xor,
=> return air.typeOf(datas[inst].bin_op.lhs),
.cmp_lt,
.cmp_lte,
.cmp_eq,
.cmp_gte,
.cmp_gt,
.cmp_neq,
.is_null,
.is_non_null,
.is_null_ptr,
.is_non_null_ptr,
.is_err,
.is_non_err,
.is_err_ptr,
.is_non_err_ptr,
.bool_and,
.bool_or,
=> return Type.initTag(.bool),
.const_ty => return Type.initTag(.type),
.alloc => return datas[inst].ty,
.assembly,
.block,
.constant,
.struct_field_ptr,
.struct_field_val,
=> return air.getRefType(datas[inst].ty_pl.ty),
.not,
.bitcast,
.load,
.floatcast,
.intcast,
.trunc,
.optional_payload,
.optional_payload_ptr,
.wrap_optional,
.unwrap_errunion_payload,
.unwrap_errunion_err,
.unwrap_errunion_payload_ptr,
.unwrap_errunion_err_ptr,
.wrap_errunion_payload,
.wrap_errunion_err,
.slice_ptr,
=> return air.getRefType(datas[inst].ty_op.ty),
.loop,
.br,
.cond_br,
.switch_br,
.ret,
.unreach,
=> return Type.initTag(.noreturn),
.breakpoint,
.dbg_stmt,
.store,
=> return Type.initTag(.void),
.ptrtoint,
.slice_len,
=> return Type.initTag(.usize),
.bool_to_int => return Type.initTag(.u1),
.call => {
const callee_ty = air.typeOf(datas[inst].pl_op.operand);
return callee_ty.fnReturnType();
},
.slice_elem_val => {
const slice_ty = air.typeOf(datas[inst].bin_op.lhs);
return slice_ty.elemType();
},
.ptr_slice_elem_val => {
const ptr_slice_ty = air.typeOf(datas[inst].bin_op.lhs);
const slice_ty = ptr_slice_ty.elemType();
return slice_ty.elemType();
},
}
}
pub fn getRefType(air: Air, ref: Air.Inst.Ref) Type {
const ref_int = @enumToInt(ref);
if (ref_int < Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len) {
var buffer: Value.ToTypeBuffer = undefined;
return Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map[ref_int].val.toType(&buffer);
}
const inst_index = ref_int - Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len;
const air_tags = air.instructions.items(.tag);
const air_datas = air.instructions.items(.data);
assert(air_tags[inst_index] == .const_ty);
return air_datas[inst_index].ty;
}
/// Returns the requested data, as well as the new index which is at the start of the
/// trailers for the object.
pub fn extraData(air: Air, comptime T: type, index: usize) struct { data: T, end: usize } {
const fields = std.meta.fields(T);
var i: usize = index;
var result: T = undefined;
inline for (fields) |field| {
@field(result, field.name) = switch (field.field_type) {
u32 => air.extra[i],
Inst.Ref => @intToEnum(Inst.Ref, air.extra[i]),
i32 => @bitCast(i32, air.extra[i]),
else => @compileError("bad field type"),
};
i += 1;
}
return .{
.data = result,
.end = i,
};
}
pub fn deinit(air: *Air, gpa: *std.mem.Allocator) void {
air.instructions.deinit(gpa);
gpa.free(air.extra);
gpa.free(air.values);
air.* = undefined;
}
const ref_start_index: u32 = Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len;
pub fn indexToRef(inst: Air.Inst.Index) Air.Inst.Ref {
return @intToEnum(Air.Inst.Ref, ref_start_index + inst);
}
pub fn refToIndex(inst: Air.Inst.Ref) ?Air.Inst.Index {
const ref_int = @enumToInt(inst);
if (ref_int >= ref_start_index) {
return ref_int - ref_start_index;
} else {
return null;
}
}
/// Returns `null` if runtime-known.
pub fn value(air: Air, inst: Air.Inst.Ref) ?Value {
const ref_int = @enumToInt(inst);
if (ref_int < Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len) {
return Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map[ref_int].val;
}
const inst_index = @intCast(Air.Inst.Index, ref_int - Air.Inst.Ref.typed_value_map.len);
const air_datas = air.instructions.items(.data);
switch (air.instructions.items(.tag)[inst_index]) {
.constant => return air.values[air_datas[inst_index].ty_pl.payload],
.const_ty => unreachable,
else => return air.typeOfIndex(inst_index).onePossibleValue(),
}
}